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High-Performance Temper Rolling Mill for Precision Steel Processing

Temper Rolling Mill: Industry Trends, Technical Parameters, Custom Solutions & Applications Explained

Temper rolling mill technology is pivotal in the steel processing sector and crucial for producing high-quality flat-rolled steel with enhanced mechanical properties and superior surface finish. This article comprehensively dissects the temper rolling mill, examining its core process, technological evolution, applied industries, and real-world cases. Alongside, we present up-to-date technical data, product specifications, and industry benchmarks, ensuring an authoritative guide for buyers and engineers.

High-Performance Temper Rolling Mill for Precision Steel Processing

Image: Schematic of a state-of-the-art temper rolling mill processing line.

1. Industry Overview and Market Trends

The global temper rolling mill market has observed steady growth over the past decade, driven by increasing demand for high-strength steel in automotive, construction, petrochemical, and packaging applications. According to Statista, global crude steel production exceeded 1.95 billion metric tons in 2023. Over 27% of this output underwent temper pass processing for value-added properties.

Emerging Trends:

Shift towards high strength, ultra-thin steels for automotive lightweighting.
Adoption of automation and AI-driven quality monitoring in temper mill steel lines.
Eco-friendly mills: Energy-saving drives and closed-loop cooling to reduce CO₂ emissions by 8-12% (2022 IISI report).
Customization—modular temper pass mill systems to support different product needs and flexibility for small & large batches.

2. What Is a Temper Rolling Mill? Definition, Working Principle & Process Flow

A temper rolling mill, also called a temper pass mill, is a type of finishing mill used after cold rolling to improve steel sheet quality. It applies a small, generally 0.5–2.5%, elongation to the strip, thereby enhancing yield strength, reducing yield point elongation, and improving flatness and surface properties.

Uncoiling

Steel coil is uncoiled and aligned

→

Leveling

Precision levelers eliminate strip shape defects

→

Rolling

Temper-/skin pass; induces 0.5–2.5% elongation

→

Inspection

Surface & gauge checked inline (ISO & ANSI standards)

→

Recoiling

Finished sheet rewound onto coil for shipment

-> Key nodes:

Computerized thickness gauge (±0.4% accuracy per ISO 16162:2012).
Automatic oiling/cleaning system for corrosion resistance.
Visual and eddy-current surface flaw detector (ASTM E2436-17 compliant).

3. Technical Parameters Comparison: Temper Rolling Mill vs Temper Pass Mill vs Other Steel Mills

Mill Type	Strip Thickness (mm)	Max Strip Width (mm)	Rolling Force (MN)	Elongation (%)	Surface Finish (Ra, µm)	Line Speed (m/min)	Typical Application
Temper Rolling Mill	0.18–3.5	800–2100	2.5–6.0	0.6–2.5	0.20–0.45	180–850	Automotive, White Goods, Petrochem
Temper Pass Mill	0.25–4.8	600–1820	2.0–4.8	0.5–2.2	0.22–0.50	120–680	Construction, Tube, Can, Appliances
Conventional Cold Mill	0.22–2.6	600–1650	1.5–5.0	0.0–0.7	0.30–0.65	250–1000	General Sheet, Pipe

Data source: YWLX (ISO9001 certified), Baosteel, Sheet Metal Magazine Annual.

Processing Width Range

800–2100 mm

Supports custom steel coil dimensions

Rolling Force

2.5–6.0 MN

(Mega Newton); ensures controlled elongation

Surface Finish

0.20–0.45 µm Ra

Highly uniform, low roughness for coating/painting

Annual Service Life

10–18 Years

With routine ISO/ANSI-compliant maintenance

4. Manufacturing Process Detailing & Technology Highlights

Material Selection:

Sheet steel (SPCC, Q235, DC01, 304SS, carbon, or coated alloys) carefully tested for grade uniformity, strength, and surface quality per EN 10130 and ASTM A1008 / A653.

Component Fabrication:

Casting, forging, and CNC-milling for precision roll chocks, main frame, and actuator housings. FAG and SKF bearing integration guarantees dynamic stability (>1.3 million cycles, ISO 281).

Roll Surface Engineering:

Use of tungsten-carbide or chrome plating (hardness 780-890 HV), ensuring consistent flatness and surface durability for >90,000 tons milled per roll set (SGS certified).

Assembly & Automation:

Modular electrical cabinet, Siemens/ABB servos, automatic thickness and shape control, and SCADA-based management for process traceability (compliant with IEC 61512).

Quality Control:

Finished strip tested inline (tensile, microstructure, surface flaw, roughness) with full digital record and conformance verification per ISO 9001:2015.

Industry Certifications:

ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management System)
ANSI/ASTM A568/A568M (Steel, Sheet, Carbon, and High-Strength)
CE Machinery Directive compliance for European projects

Reference Benchmarks: Service life >300,000 hours; roll change time <15 mins (quick-coupling).

5. Applications, Advantages & Industry Use Cases

Temper rolling mill lines deliver critical improvement in flatness, uniformity, and skin pass properties for:

Automotive body panels (anti-stretcher strains, flawless painting)
Pipe & tube fabrication (enhanced formability, weldability)
Household appliances (decorative, uniform reflection surfaces)
Petrochemical tanks & drums (corrosion-resistant galvanizing steels)
Packaging & cans (shape memory, anti-buckle, micro finish)

Case Study #1: Automotive White Body Sheet

Client: SAIC Group (China); Solution: temper rolling mill 1450mm x 0.3–2.2mm, 4-high configuration. Achieved yield strength ≥300 MPa, surface Ra = 0.23μm, paint flaking

Case Study #2: Anticorrosion Pipeline Strip

Client: Saudi Aramco; Solution: Temper pass line for API 5L X70/X80 grade. Increased flatness index from 67 to 96% (measured per ISO 16162), reduced residual stress by 14% — leading to higher weld quality for large-diameter pipes.

Main Technical Advantages Over Rivals:

Higher tolerance accuracy (±0.006mm after pass)
Shorter setup/changeover time (17 mins vs 30+ mins of legacy mills)
Fully automated coil tracking and error-proofing
Roll crown and flatness control assures lowest rejection rates (<0.3%)

6. Manufacturer Selection: Key Vendors & Comparative Table

Manufacturer	Origin	Custom Design	ISO/FDA/CE Compliance	After-sales Support	Annual Output	OEM/ODM	Major Application
YWLX Temper Mill	China	Yes (Module/Spec/Automation)	ISO, CE	24/7, Global, Online+Onsite	30 units	Yes	Auto/Tube/White Appliances
SMS Group	Germany	Yes	ISO, CE	24/5, Europe/NA	25 units	Yes	Automotive, Can
Danieli	Italy	Yes	ISO, CE	Europe/Asia	15 units	Yes	General Steel
Primetals	AT/JP/UK	Custom Modules	ISO, CE	Global	18 units	Yes	Tube, Auto

7. Data Visualization: Technical Metrics, Trend & Comparison

8. Customization, Delivery & Warranty

Customization options: Width, thickness range, rolling force, roll composition (chrome, carbide), surface finish pattern (matte/shiny/embossed), line automation level.

Software: Dedicated HMI & SCADA (custom workflows supported)
Integration: Seamless with upstream & downstream coil lines

Delivery Timeline: 4–7 months (standard) / 6–10 months (custom), depending on automation, module count, and configuration.
Warranty: 18 months full warranty, lifetime technology service upgrade, with 24-hour online monitoring and troubleshooting.

9. Professional FAQ: Temper Rolling Mill Technical FAQs

Q1: What are the typical materials that can be processed with a temper rolling mill?

A: Main grades include low-carbon steels (SPCC, Q195/235), high-strength steels (DP, TRIP), galvanized/galvalume steels, stainless steels (304L, 430), and alloy steels used for automotive, container111, and appliance industries. Compliance with EN 10130/ASTM A1008 is common.

Q2: How is “skin pass” elongation controlled and what is its impact?

A: Elongation is precisely regulated (0.6–2.0%) via hydraulic AGC and servo main drive synchronization; this reduces yield-point elongation (Lüders bands), enhances flatness, and imparts desired microstructure as per project’s ISO 16162 requirement.

Q3: What surface finishes can a temper pass mill deliver?

A: From low-roughness mirror (Ra ≤0.22μm), typical for pre-painted or automotive grades, to matte or textured (Ra 0.30–0.55μm) for packaging steel, with roll surface finishing per ASTM E112 and in-line polishing.
Patterned/embossed finishes are also achievable for decorative or slip-proof requirements.

Q4: What are the main international standards for temper mill steel inspection?

A: Inspection is generally in accordance with ISO 16162 (Flatness, Profile), ASTM E2436 (Surface Defects), ISO 6892 (Tensile), and in certain cases UL or FDA for food-grade lines.

Q5: What are the installation and foundation requirements?

A: Foundation must sustain dynamic rolling loads (up to 6 MN), floor vibration ≤0.45mm, and horizontal alignment tolerance within 0.06°. Utility provision includes 3-phase 380/415V AC, compressed air (6–8 bar), chilled water loop, and isolated control room per IEC 60204-1.

Q6: What is the average downtime for roll change and how is maintenance handled?

A: Typical roll exchange takes 13–18 minutes with quick-coupling frames and modular roll units; predictive maintenance modules trigger by IoT sensors (load, vibration, temperature) and all logs are archived within the plant’s MES system.

Q7: What is the difference between 2-high and 4-high temper rolling mill?

A: 2-high mills are cost-efficient, fit for small width (≤1200mm) and medium-thin gauge; 4-high structures (involving backup rolls) allow higher precision, greater width, lower roll deflection, and better flatness for automotive grades (up to 2100mm width).

10. Customer Support, Long-Term Guarantee & Service Network

Partnering with YWLX Temper Rolling Mill guarantees:

24/7 remote expert support and rapid on-site service (global)
Annual calibration and operator training (on client premises)
Real-time process monitoring via secure web portal/App
Original parts guarantee and digital twin technology for troubleshooting
Customers: BAOSTEEL, POSCO, Hyundai, Tata Steel, Aramco
Industry certificates: ISO 9001:2015, SGS calibration, CE machinery directive

Ready to upgrade your steel finishing line? Contact YWLX for your custom temper rolling mill solution »

11. Conclusion & Industry References

Temper rolling mill systems are essential in maximizing flat rolled steel’s performance for automotive, pipeline, appliance, and packaging industries. The advancement in process control, metallurgy, and equipment reliability enables reliable, high-output, and eco-efficient finishing solutions. Industry leading manufacturers like YWLX, SMS, and Danieli provide highly customized services, robust after-sales networks, and the ability to comply with stringent global standards.

“A properly engineered temper rolling mill ensures superior ductility, weldability, and surface finish for downstream fabrication — a benchmark for high-value steel supply chains.”
— MetalForming Journal Forum (2023), Sheet-Metal.info

References & Further Reading:
[1] Statista: Global crude steel production statistics
[2] ASM International: Metals Handbook — Steel Finishing & Skin Pass
[3] Sheet Metal Magazine: thefabricator.com
[4] IISI: worldsteel.org
[5] MetalForming Journal Forum: https://www.sheet-metal.info/forum/